Transistor and logic gates laboratory instruction today you will learn how to use a transistor to amplify a small ac signal as well as using it as a switch to construct digital logic circuits. In this experiment we are going to examine logic gates such as the and gate and implement a few different circuits on our breadboards. Experiment logic gates or, and, not, nor and nand youtube. Some logic gates like not gate or inverter has only one. Diode logic gates utilize the properties of a semiconductor diode in forward or reverse bias conditions. Digital electronics part i combinational and sequential logic. Also, applying the use of boolean algebra to implement a combination. A gate is an electronic device which is used to compute a function on a two valued signal. They can, however, be useful for adding a gate or two to complex circuitry without adding integrated circuit chips. Introduction the ta will show you the emitter, base and collector for the transistor. Do out a truth table for an and gate and determine what configuration is required to get the same logical outputs. To study and verify the truth table of the basic logic gates and, or, not.
The importance of nand nand gates are considered to be the universal gate, because any other gate can be synthesized eve engels, 2006 slide 22 of 20 using nand. To become familiar with the use of a standard breadboarding device 2. Verify its operation by completing a voltage truth table for the gate and produce a plot of vo vs. Anne bracy cs 3410 computer science cornell university the slides are the product of many rounds of teaching cs 3410 by professors weatherspoon, bala, bracy, and sirer. So with the help of these basic logic gates, we can get any logical functions or any boolean or else any logical expression. Combinational logic circuits iii purpose and objectives. For each of the above circuits an and gate, an xor gate, a half adder, a gated latch. In this experiment, the 7400 chip used contains four separate nand gates. The basic logic gates are the basic building blocks of more complex logic circuits. So its output is complement of the output of an and gate. By the combination of these gates, we can obtain any boolean or logical functions or logical function. Logic gates digital circuit that either allows a signal to pass through it or not.
Representation of the output logic levels of a logic circuit for every possible combination of levels of the inputs. Logic functions can be implemented in several ways. Experiment 2 basic logic gates implementation using breadboards and discrete gates introduction. Logic gates are related with boolean algebra, which differ from both ordinary and binary algebra. Jan 01, 2017 logic gates using discrete components.
Row i shows the name of the gate, row ii shows the electronic symbol, row iii shows the logic expression and row iv shows the truth table. Experiment 4logic gates experiment 7boolean laws and demorgans theorems experiments 11adder and magnitude comparator experiments combinational logic using. Implementation of gates and chips using the laws of physics, for example, the. Recognise common 74 series ics containing standard logic gates. Design of basic logic gates using nand gate there are mainly three types of logic gate named and, or and not gate. Input test patterns for locating logic design errors ipldes are generated. Logical expressions may be evaluated electronically using circuits called gates. Most integrated circuit ic chips contain a number of logic gates. In this lesson, you will learn how to combine various inputs to achieve desired output results with the help of logic gates and, or, nand, nor, xor.
To acquaint yourself with the properties of and, nand, nor, and exclusiveor gates, the application of boolean algebra to digital. And, or, not nand and nor gates objective the purpose of this laboratory is to introduce the use and features of the logic lab unit ets7000 digital analog training system and to introduce the ttl integrated circuit and,or and. Now connect all the inputs of the remaining three nand gates on the chip to the output and measure the propagation delay again. Logic gates a b out 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 a b out 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0. We will see the different logic levels in ttl circuits, cmos circuits, some simple logic gates like or, not, nand, and, etc.
Presently logic functions are performed by tiny integrated circuits ics. Furthermore, in order to see how these different logic gates work, they will be used in separate circuits and have their own truth tables, so that it is easier to tell how they differ from each other, and how they would work. To implement an inverter using nand or nor gates 4. To design and implement encoder and decoder using logic gates and study of ic 7445 and ic 74147. Basic logic gates have two kinds of major circuits, ttl transistortransistor logics and cmosfet compliment metaloxide semiconductor fieldeffecttransistor logics. Background diode logic dl or diode resistor logic drl is a logic family that uses only diodes and the resistors in the implementation of the logic functions.
Digital logic it was then possible to make the alu count by fixing one of the inputs at 1 and adding or subtracting it to or from the other input finally an instruction was added that allowed the alu to left shift the bits on input a. And, or, not nand and nor gates objective the purpose of this laboratory is to introduce the use and features of the logic lab unit ets7000 digital analog training system and to introduce the ttl integrated circuit and,or and not inverter gates. To be familiar with hardware equipments in the lab in addition to cedar logic simulator program. Lab of experiment basic logic gates chiachun tsai classification for logic gates basic logic gates have not, and, or, nand, nor, and xor gates.
In this the variable permitted to have only values true offalse usually written as 1 or 0. The full set of videos is presented on the youtube channel. To study the truth tables of various basic logic gates 2. To study about logic gates introduction logic gates are related with boolean algebra, which differ from both ordinary and binary algebra.
Aim to study about logic gates introduction logic gates are. Adjust the not gates with or gates to form invertedor gates. How digital logic gates are built using transistors. The logic operations and, or and not can be obtained with nor gates as shown in figure 3. A truth table is a table showing all possible values at the inputs of a digital circuit and the corresponding value of the output. Describe how is the led a simple visual indicator of a not gate. Digital electronics lab brcm college of engineering. Theory on the introduction of logic gate logic gates or logic gate is an entity in electronics and mathematics boolean that turns one or more logic inputs to a logic output signal. Student will be able to design or realize the boolean expression using aoi logic andornot gates as well as universal gates. Jun 19, 2019 in this tutorial, we will have a brief introduction to logic gates. Also, applying the use of boolean algebra to implement a combination of 4 to 1 multiplexers to respond as an 8 to 1 multiplexer. Logic gates, experiment grade 10, i g c s e syllabus. Implement a 2input and gate using nand gates only and implement a 2input and gate using nor gates only. Electrical lab autumn term digital logic experiment.
Introduction to logic gates not, and, nand, or, nor. To study the representation of these functions by truth tables, logic diagrams and boolean algebra. Nand gate is actually a combination of two logic gates. Introduction a logic gate can be defined as digital circuit which either allows a signal to pass through or stops it. The result q is equal to 1 if the inputs a or b, or both are equal to 1. Experiment 2 basic logic gates implementation using. These gates have limited use due to the obvious logic level shift when gates are connected in series. The bicycle is locked when it is locked by a ulock or a chain lock to you it is intuitively obvious that the bicycle is also. Describe in your lab report each of their functions. Nov 01, 2016 logic gates, experiment grade 10, i g c s e syllabus. Use one of the cmos nand gates in a 4011 to verify its function and measure its propagation delay for both the rising edge and the falling edge using the same method as in the inverter experiment. Also show their logic symbol, use the function in an equation and show the truth table for one gate in each of the integrated circuits.
Furthermore, in order to see how these different logic gates work, they will be used in separate circuits and have their own truth tables, so that it is easier to tell. And every gate does its own different logic function. Truth tables are used to help show the function of a logic gate. Construction of basic logic gates using nor gate logic gates are basically are group of three basic logic gates specifically called as not, and and or gate. The purpose of this lab report is to teach the student how to apply the use of multiplexers to implement a boolean expression. After performing this experiment student will be able to learn and design the basic logic gates using universal gates nand and nor. The objective for conducting these experiments, is to see how the operation of logic gates work. And, or, not, nand not and, nor not or, xor, and xnor not xor later building functions.
The result q is equal to 1 if the inputs a or b, or both are equal to 1 also for this logical combination, there is a corresponding logic in language use. Heath digital design experimenter switching diodes 1k and 10k ohm resistors 7408 quad dual input and chip. In the past, vacuum tube and relay circuits performed logic functions. With littlebits logic modules, you can program in block form. The main drawback of the diode logic family is that it is not complete. What r do you use in your led logic probe and how much current is flowing through the led. Logic gates 4 oo software design and construction 2input logic gate hierarchy it is sensible to view each of the 2input logic gates as a specialized subtype of a generic logic gate a base type which has 2 input wires and transmits its output to a single output wire. In fact, most gates are implemented in solidstate ttl chips transistortransistor logic e. Basically, all logic gates have one output and two inputs. To avoid this from happening safeguards will usually be placed on the inputs in the form of more logic gates. There is a quiz available to test what you have learned so far.
Boolean algebra and logic gates the most common postulates used to formulate various algebraic structures are. The and gate is a basic digital logic gate that implements logical conjunction it behaves according to the truth table to the right. Lab 1 part 2 identify the 7400 series ttl gates and look up their data sheets. A binary operator on a set s is said to be associative whenever. This experiment is designed to reinforce the students exposure to the following. The logic modules create rules for your circuit to follow, giving you more ability to create interesting and complex interactions. Logic gate is mainly implemented electronically using diodes or transistors, but can also be built using the arrangement of components that utilize the properties of. Arnold schwarzenegger this speech broke the internet and most inspiring speech it changed my life. Digital electronics relies on the actions of just seven types of logic gates, called. All the gates have their own identical logical function. Introduction to logic gates digital and analogue electronics.
Realization of logic functions with the help of universal gates nand gate. To study and verify the truth table of logic gates learning objective. Experiment 3 the or gate a further possibility is the or gate. And and or functions can be implemented using the diode logic very easily. Used to build logic functions there are seven basic logic gates. Elec 2210 experiment 1 basic digital logic circuits. These logic gates perform the basic boolean functions, such as and, or, nand, nor, inversion, exclusiveor, exclusivenor.
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